Lineages back to Brittany (Bretagne)

Authentic Ancient Coin of:

Magnus Maximus - Roman Emperor 383-388 A.D. Bronze AE4 13mm (1.12 grams) Aquileia mint: 383-388 A.D. Reference: RIC 55a (Aquileia), LRBC 1103 DNMAGMAXIMVSPFAVG - Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. SPESROMANORVM Exe: SMAQ - Camp gate with two turrets and star above. ​ Magnus Clemens Maximus (ca. 335–August 28, 388), ​ also known as Maximianus and Macsen Wledig in Welsh, ​ was a Hispano-Roman usurper of the Western Roman Empire​ from 383 until his death, in 388, by order of Emperor Theodosius I.​ Life​ Maximus was a distinguished general who served under Theodosius the Elder. ​ He certainly served with him in Africa in 373 and on the Danube in 376.​ It is likely he also may have been a junior officer in Britain ​ during the quelling of the Great Conspiracy in 368. ​ ​ Assigned to Britain in 380, he defeated an incursion of the Picts and Scots in 381. ​ ​ Maximus was proclaimed emperor by his troops in 383. ​ ​ He went to Gaul to pursue his imperial ambitions taking a large number ​ of British troops with him.​ ​ Following his conquest of Gaul, Maximus went out to meet his main opponent, ​ Gratian, whom he defeated near Paris. ​ ​ Gratian, after fleeing, was killed at Lyon on August 25, 383. ​ ​ Continuing his campaign into Italy Maximus was stopped ​ from overthrowing Valentinian II, who was aged only twelve, ​ when Theodosius I, the Eastern Roman Emperor, sent Flavius Bauto ​ with a powerful force to stop him. ​ ​ Negotiations followed in 384 including the intervention of Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, ​ leading to an accord with Valentinian II and Theodosius I in which Maximus ​ was recognized as an Augustus in the west.​ ​ Maximus made his capital at Augusta Treverorum (Treves, Trier) in Gaul ​ and ruled Britain, Gaul, Spain, and Africa. ​ ​ He issued coinage and a number of edicts reorganizing Gaul's system of provinces. ​ ​ Some scholars believe Maximus may have founded the office of the Comes Britanniarum ​ as well. ​ ​ He became a popular emperor, Quintus Aurelius Symmachus delivered ​ a panegyric on Maximus' virtues. ​ ​ He used barbarian forces such as the Alamanni to great effect. ​ ​ He was also a stern persecutor of heretics. ​ ​ It was on his orders that Priscillian and 6 companions became the first people​ in the history of Christianity to be executed for heresy, in this case of Priscillianism, ​ by other Christians (though the civil charges were for the practice of magic), ​ and their property was confiscated. ​ ​ These executions went ahead despite the wishes of prominent men ​ such as St. Martin of Tours. ​ ​ Maximus' edict of 387 or 388 which censured Christians at Rome for burning down ​ a Jewish synagogue, was condemned by Bishop Ambrose who said people exclaimed:​ ‘the emperor has become a Jew’​ ​ In 387 Maximus managed to force Valentinian II out of Rome ​ after which he fled to Theodosius I. ​ ​ Theodosius I and Valentinian II then invaded from the east and campaigned ​ against Magnus Maximus in July-August 388, their troops being led by Richomeres ​ and other generals. ​ ​ Maximus was defeated in the Battle of the Save, and retreated to Aquileia. ​ ​ Meanwhile the Franks under Marcomer had taken the opportunity ​ and invaded at the same time further weakening Maximus' position.​ ​ Andragathius, magister equitum of Maximus and killer of Gratian, was defeated ​ near Siscia while Maximus' brother, Marcellinus, fell in battle at Poetovio. ​ ​ Maximus surrendered in Aquileia and although he pleaded for mercy was executed. ​ ​ The Senate passed a decree of Damnatio memoriae against him. ​ ​ However, his mother and at least two daughters were spared. ​ ​ Maximus' son, Flavius Victor, was executed at Trier by Valentinian's ​ magister peditum Arbogast in the fall of the same year​ ​ What happened to Maximus' family after his downfall is not related. ​ ​ He is known to have had a wife, who is recorded as having sought spiritual counsel ​ from St. Martin of Tours during his time at Trier. ​ ​ Her ultimate fate, and even her name, have not been passed down to history. ​ ​ The same is true of Maximus' mother and daughters spared by Theodosius. ​ ​ One of these daughters might have been married to Ennodius, proconsul Africae (395). ​ ​ Ennodius' grandson was Petronius Maximus, another ill-fated emperor, ​ who ruled in Rome for but 77 days before he was stoned to death ​ while fleeing from the Vandals on May 24, 455. ​ ​ Other descendants of Ennodius, and thus possibly of Maximus, ​ included Anicius Olybrius, emperor in 472, but also several consuls and bishops ​ such as ​ St. Magnus Felix Ennodius (Bishop of Pavia c. 514-21). ​ ​ We also encounter an otherwise unrecorded daughter of Magnus Maximus, ​ Sevira, on the Pillar of Eliseg, an early medieval inscribed stone in Wales ​ which claims her marriage to Vortigern, king of the Britons.​ Role in British and Breton history​ In Gildas's De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae written in the sixth century, ​ Maximus is attributed an important role as the man responsible ​ for withdrawing Roman troops from Britain on a major scale ​ and thus leaving it open to barbarian attack. ​ ​ The archaeological evidence backs up Gildas's account in that the late fourth century​ seems to have been the period when Roman troops were withdrawn ​ from areas likeHadrian's Wall and Segontium, with no coins found later than 383. ​ ​ The earliest Welsh genealogies give Maximus (Welsh: Macsen/Maxen Wledig) ​ a role as a founding father of the dynasties of many of Welsh kingdoms ​ such as the Kingdom of Powys, Kingdom of Gwent and the Kingdom of Dyfed -​ the sort of claims reflected in the Pillar of Eliseg and in lists of the Fifteen Tribes of Wales.​ ​ It has been argued that this role may be a result of genuine land grants and delegationd ​ of authority by Roman authorities to local leaders such as Vortigern and Padarn Beisrud​ on troop withdrawal. ​ ​ It also has been suggested he settled the Déisi and Attacotti in Britain. ​ ​ Although it is impossible to back these ideas with any certainty, ​ ​ and they could be later invention, it is obvious that a connection to Macsen ​ was seen as highly desirable early in Welsh history.​ ​ The ninth century Historia Brittonum gives another account of Maxiumus ​ and assigns him an important role:​ The seventh emperor was Maximianus. ​ He withdrew from Britain with all its military force, ​ slew Gratianus the king of the Romans, ​ and obtained the sovereignty of all Europe.​ Unwilling to send back his warlike companions to their wives, families, and possessions in Britain, he conferred upon them numerous districts from the lake on the summit of Mons lovis, to the city called Cant Guic, and to the western Tumulus, that is Cruc Occident. These are the Armoric Britons, and they remain there to the present day. In consequence of their absence, Britain being overcome by foreign nations, the lawful heirs were cast out, till God interposed with his assistance.​ Modern historians believe that this idea of mass British troop settlement ​ in Brittany by Maximus may very well reflect some reality, ​ as it accords with other historical evidence and later Breton traditions.​ Welsh legend​ Legendary versions of Maximus' career in which he marries a Welsh princess Helen ​ may have been in popular circulation in Welsh speaking areas from an early point.​ Although the story of Helen and Maximus's meeting is almost certainly fictional, ​ there is some evidence for the basic claims. ​ He is certainly given a prominent place in the earliest version of the Welsh Triads ​ which are believed to date from c. 1100 and which reflect far older traditions. ​ Macsen is also frequently referred to in Welsh poetry as a point of comparison ​ to later Welsh leaders. These legends come down to us in two separate versions.​ Geoffrey of Monmouth​ According to Geoffrey of Monmouth's fictional Historia Regum Britanniae (ca. 1136), ​ basis for many English and Welsh legends, Maximian as he calls him,​ was a Roman senator and nephew of Coel Henthrough his brother Ioelinus​ and was king of the Brythons following the death of Octavius. ​ ​ Geoffrey tells this came about because Octavius, the king of the Britons, ​ wanted to wed his daughter to such a powerful half-Roman, ​ half-Briton and give the kingship of Britain as a dowry ​ to that husband so he sent a message to Rome offering his daughter to Maximian.​ Caradocus, the Duke of Cornwall, had suggested and supported the marriage​ between Octavius's daughter and Maximian. ​ Maximian accepted the offer and left Rome for Britain. ​ ​ Geoffrey claims further that Maximian gathered an army as he sacked Frankish towns ​ along the way. ​ ​ He invaded Clausentum (modern Southampton) unintentionally ​ and nearly fought the army of the Britons under Conanus ​ before a truce was made.​ ​ Following further negotiations, Maximian was given the kingship of Britain ​ and Octavius retired. Five years into his kingship, ​ Magnus Maximus assembled a vast fleet and invaded Gaul, ​ leaving Britain in the control of Caradocus. ​ ​ Upon reaching the kingdom of Armorica, he defeated the king ​ and killed thousands of inhabitants. ​ ​ Before departing to Rome, he summoned Conanus, the rebellious nephew of Octavius, ​ and asked him to rule as king of the land, which was renamed Brittany, ​ or 'Little Britain'. ​ ​ Conan's men married native women after cutting out their tongues ​ to preserve the purity of their language. ​ ​ Geoffrey of Monmouth presents this legend to explain the Welsh name for Brittany, ​ Llydaw, as originating from lled-taw or half-silent. ​ ​ Given that Conan was well established in genealogies as the founder of Brittany​ this certainly is connected to an older tradition than Geoffrey.​ ​ Following the death of Caradocus rule of Britain as regent passed to Dionotus, ​ who facing a foreign invasion appealed to Maximus who finally sent a man ​ named Gracianus Municeps with two legions to stop the attack.​ ​ He killed many thousands before the invaders fled to Ireland. ​ ​ Maximus died in Rome soon after ​ and Dionotus became the official king of the Britons. ​ ​ Unfortunately, before he could begin his reign, ​ Gracianus took hold of the crown and made himself king over Dionotus.​ ​ The Dream of Macsen Wledig​ Although the Mabinogion tale The Dream of Macsen Wledig is written ​ in later manuscripts than Geoffrey's version, the two accounts are so different ​ that scholars agree the Dream cannot be based purely on Geoffrey's version. ​ ​ The Dream's account also seems to accord better with details in the Triads, ​ so it perhaps reflects an earlier tradition.​ ​ Macsen Wledig, the Emperor of Rome, dreams one night of a lovely maiden ​ in a wonderful, far-off land. ​ ​ Awakening, he sends his men all over the earth in search of her. ​ ​ With much difficulty they find her in a rich castle in Britain, daughter of a chieftain ​ based at Segontium (Caernarfon), and lead the Emperor to her. ​ ​ Everything he finds is exactly as in his dream. ​ ​ The maiden, whose name is Helen or Elen, accepts and loves him. ​ ​ Because Elen is found a virgin, Macsen gives her father sovereignty over the island ​ of Britain and orders three castles built for his bride. ​ ​ In Macsen's absence, a new emperor seizes power and warns him not to return. ​ ​ With the help of men from Britain led by Elen's brother Conanus ​ (Welsh: Kynan Meriadec, French: Conan Meriadoc), ​ Macsen marches across Gaul and Italy and recaptures Rome. ​ ​ In gratitude to his British allies, Macsen rewards them with a portion of Gaul​ that becomes known as Brittany.​ Later literature​ The prominent place of Macsen in history, Welsh legend and in the Matter of Britain​ means he is often a character or referred to in historical and Arthurian fiction. ​ ​ Such stories include Stephen R. Lawhead's Pendragon Cycle, Mary Stewart's ​ The Hollow Hills, and Rudyard Kipling's Puck of Pook's Hill. ​ ​ The popular Welsh folk song Yma o Hyd, recorded by Dafydd Iwan in 1981, ​ recalls Macsen Wledig and celebrates the continued survival of the Welsh people ​ since his days.​

 

Magnus Maximus, Emperor of the Western Roman Empire is your 41st great grandfather.
You
Susan Lynne Schwenger
→
Lynda Mae Handy - Schwenger
your mother
→
James aka Jim Edward Handy JR.
her father
→
James aka Jim (Ruthven) Handy SR.
his father
→
Marion (Rennie) Ruthven - Handy-Satchell
his mother
→
Alexander (Thompson) Ruthven
her father
→
Robert (Witherspoon) Ruthven, SR
his father
→
John (Henderson) Ruthven
his father

→
John (Peadie) Ruthven
his father
Mary Henderson
his mother
→
John (Hutcheson) Ruthven
his father
Marrion aka Marion Margaret Peadie - Ruthven
his mother
→
George (Reid) Ruthven
his father
Elspeth Hutcheson - Ruthven
his mother
→
William Alexander (Clerk) Ruthven
his father
Isobel Reid - Ruthven
his mother, Daughter of James Reid
→
William (Gray) Ruthven
his father
Marion Clerk
his mother
→
Sir William (Halyburton) Ruthven
his father
Mary Gray - Seaton - Ruthven
his mother, Daughter of Sir Patrick Gray, 4th Lord Gray andMarion Gray
→
Janet Halyburton, Lady Dirletoun Castle
his mother
William Ruthven, 2nd Lord Ruthven Castle
his father, Son of William Ruthven, Lord & Master of Ruthven Castle
and Catherine Gray of Buttergask - Stewart - Ruthven
→
Patrick Halyburton, 5th/6th Lord Dirletoun Castle
her father
Margaret Douglas - Halyburton
her mother, Daughter of Sir Robert Douglas of Lochleven
and Lady Margaret Balfour-Douglas, Countess of Morton

http://www.geni.com/people/Patrick-Halyburton/6000000000701212854?through=6000000000701212870
→
George Halyburton, 3rd/4th Lord Dirletoun Castle
his father
Mariota Halyburton

his wife
→
Sir John Halyburton, 1st/2nd Lord of Dirletoun Castle
his father
Janet Seton of Seton
his mother, Daughter of Sir William Seton of Seton and Janet Dunbar of March
→
Marjorie Douglas, Countess of Atholl
his mother
Sir Walter Halyburton, Lord Halyburton of Dirleton Castle
his father, Son of Sir Walter Halyburton of Dirleton and Isabel Stewart, of Albany
→
Joanna Moray, Lady of Drumersgard
her mother
Archibald Douglas "The Grim", 3rd Earl of Douglas
her father, Son of Sir James Douglas of Lothian and Beatrice Lindsay of Crawford
→
Joan de Menteith
her mother
Maurice Moray, Earl of Strathearn
her father, Son of Sir John Moray of Drumsargard and Mary of Strathearn
→
Helena of Mar
her mother
John DE Menteith of Rusky & Knapdale
his father, Son of Walter "Bailloch-Freckled" Stewart, Earl of Menteith
and Mary of Menteith, Countess of Menteith
→
Gartnait MacDomhnaill, 7th Earl of Mar
her father
Christina Bruce
her mother, Daughter of Robert de Bruce, 6th Lord of Annandale
and Margorie (of Carrick) Countess of Carrick
→
Elen ferch Llywelyn
his mother
Donald de Mar, 6th Earl of Mar
his father, Son of William de Mar, 5th Earl of Mar andElizabeth Comyn
→
Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Gwynedd
her father
Joan Plantagenet, Lady Snowdon, Princess of Wales
her mother, Daughter of John Lackland, King of England

http://www.geni.com/people/Llywelyn...00000003807598493?through=4863354682080028024

→
Margred of Powys
his mother
Iorwerth ab Owain, Prince in Wales
his father, Son of Owain Fawr ap Gruffudd, King of Gwyneddand Gwladys Queen of Gwynedd

http://www.geni.com/people/Margred-of-Powys/4863354682080028024?through=6000000003495389288
→
Susanna verch Gruffydd
her mother
Madog ap Maredudd
her father, Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn, Brenin of Powys andHunydd verch Einudd
→
Angharad verch Owain
her mother
Gruffydd ap Cynan
Son of Cynan ap Iago and Ranallt Olafsdottir

http://www.geni.com/people/Angharad-verch-Owain/6000000005931327454?through=6000000003495389304
→
Morwyl verch Ednywain
her mother
Owain ap Eadwine
her father Son of Eadwine ap Gronwy and Iwerydd verch Cynfyn
→
Gwerful verch Lluddica
her mother
Ednywain Bendew ap Neiniad
her father, Son of Neiniad ap Gwaethfoed
→
Llyddoca ap Tudur Trevor, Lord of Maelors and Oswestry
her father
Angharad verch Iago
her mother, Daughter of Iago ap Idwal

http://www.geni.com/people/Llyddoca...00000003495393431?through=6000000002766613426
→
Tudor Trevor AP YNYR, Lord of the March
his father
Angharad verch Hywel
Daughter of Hywel Dda ap Cadell, King of the Britons and Elen verch Llywarch
→
Ynyr ap Cadfrarch
his father
Rheingar verch Lluddoccaf
his mother, Daughter of Lluddoccaf ap Caradoc
→
Gwernen ap Cadfarch
his father
Lydocca
his mother
→
Cadfarch ap Gwaeddgar
his father
→
Gwaeddgar ap Bywyn
his father
→
Bywyn ap Byordderch
his father
→
Byordderch ap Gwylawr
his father
→
Gwylawr ap Gwynfyw
his father
→
Gwynfyw Frych (ap Cadell)
his father
→
Cadell Ddyrnllug "Gleaming-Hilt" ap Cadeyrn, Brenin Powys
his father
Gwdfil verch Brychan
his mother, Daughter of St. Brychan Gododdin, Brenin Brycheiniog and Prawst verch Tudwal
→
Caderyn Fendigaid ap Gwrtheyrn, Brenin Powys
his father
→
Sevira Verch MacSen
his mother
Vortigern, King of the Britons
his mother, Son of Gwidol Vitalis ap Gwydolin and Dinoi of Lidinin
→
Magnus Maximus aka Magnus Maximus Augustus "Macsen Wledig" Flavius, Roman Usurper
Emperor of the Western Roman Empire
her father, Son of Eucherius and Flavia
St. Elen Lwyddog 'of the Host' of Britain
her mother Daughter of Eudaf Octavius Hen ab Einydd andAurelia Carausia

http://www.geni.com/people/Magnus-Maximus-Emperor-of-the-Western-Roman-Empire/5365308074870051638

Magnus Maximus Augustus "Macsen Wledig" Flavius,

Roman Usurper


Magnus Maximus Augustus "Macsen Wledig" Flavius, Roman Usurper MP

Birth:	circa 340 Callaecia, Spain
Death:	August 28, 388 (48) Aquileia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
Immediate Family:	Son of Eucherius and Flavia Husband of Ceindrech ferch Rheiden and St. Elen Lwyddog 'of the Host' of Britain Father of Eugenius; Flavius Victor, Roman Usurper;Antonius Donatus Gregorius; Custennin Fendigaid Constantine "the Blessed"; St. Publicus; Gratianna of Galloway; Ednyfed . ap Macsen and Sevira Brother of Andragathius; Marcellinus and Malvius
Curated by:	Erin Spiceland

 

Budic Castellin is your 32nd great grandfather.
You
Susan Lynne Schwenger
→
Lynda Mae Handy - Schwenger
your mother

→
James aka Jim Edward Handy JR.
her father
→
James aka Jim (Ruthven) Handy SR.
his father
→
Marion (Rennie) Ruthven - Handy-Satchell
his mother
→
Alexander (Thompson) Ruthven
her father
→
Robert (Witherspoon) Ruthven, SR
his father
→
John (Henderson) Ruthven
his father
→
John (Peadie) Ruthven
his father
→
John (Hutcheson) Ruthven
his father
→
George (Reid) Ruthven
his father
→
William Alexander (Clerk) Ruthven
his father
→
William (Gray) Ruthven
his father
→
Sir William (Halyburton) Ruthven
his father
→
William Ruthven, 2nd Lord Ruthven
his father
→
Catherine Gray of Buttergask - Stewart - Ruthven
his mother
→
Elisabeth Stewart, Countess of Argyll
her mother
→
John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl
her father
→
James Stewart, the Black Knight of Lorn
his father
→
Sir John Stewart of Innermeath
his father
→
Isabella Margaret, Countess of Fife, and Angus, Heiress of Hokettle MacDuff
his mother
→
Sir Donnchadh Duncan IV, 10th Earl of Fife
her father
→
Johanna Macduff
his mother
→
Alice de Lusignan, de Angouleme
her mother
→
Yolande de Dreux
her mother
→
Alix de Thouars
her mother
→
Constance de Bretagne, Duchess
her mother
→
Conan IV de Bretagne, Count
her father
→
Bertha of Brittany
his mother
→
Conan III "le gros", duc de Bretagne
her father
→
Alain IV "Fergant" de Cornouaille, duc de Bretagne
his father
→
Hoël II (V), duke of Brittany
his father
→
Alain "Canhiart" de Cornouaille, duc de Bretagne
his father
→
Benedict de Cornouaille
his father
→
Budic Castellin
his father


http://www.geni.com/people/Budic-Castellin/6000000020933833785?through=6000000009152586086